Methods and Apparatus for Germicidal Irradiation of Checkout System Surfaces

ABSTRACT

A germicidal irradiation approach to killing germs on conveyors and other check out surfaces in stores, such as grocery stores, which sell articles such as food items where possible contamination from leaks and the like is a concern. An adaptable, portable ultraviolet light apparatus is provided to irradiate surfaces such as conveyor belts.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to advantageous methods andapparatus for killing germs on checkout system surfaces, and moreparticularly to arrangements for employing an ultraviolet (UV) lightapparatus to irradiate surfaces such as checkout conveyor belts.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

When shopping for groceries or other items, who has not encountered asituation where one is asked to place an item on a checkout conveyorbelt or other checkout system surface where you are not sure about whathas been recently placed on that surface? Or, alternatively, one may beexposed to a particular situation where one has observed someone place aleaking item like a poultry product where the leak has smeared thesurface and caused concerns about salmonella or other germscontaminating items later placed on the conveyor.

While checkout clerks are trained to actively to respond to such spillswith products such as Windex™ and paper towels, even a small amount ofunaddressed contamination may leave questions in a consumer's mind.Further, as self-checkout increases and demands on the time of checkoutclerks increase, less time and opportunities may exist for appropriateprophylactic action to be taken.

Perhaps, as a consequence, various complex conveyor belt cleaningapparatuses have been described. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos.7,225,915 and 6,971,503 which are incorporated by reference herein intheir entirety. However, such arrangements are relatively complex, andif built into the conveyor and not seen by consumers may fail to easethe consumer's fears about germs and the like. Also, if built into aconveyor belt system, such an approach does not provide for readyretrofitting to an existing store system, nor would it have theflexibility of being moved from one checkout station to another asneeded.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Among its several aspects, the present invention addresses anultraviolet light arrangement to provide germicidal irradiation whichmay be readily adapted to a wide array of existing and future checkoutsystems.

Among its several aspects, the present invention addresses approacheswhich stores can easily retrofit to their current conveyor belt andother systems. The UV germicidal irradiation approach involves fewermoving parts than an active belt cleaning system so that a reducednumber of parts are employed which can break or wear out. The UV lightapproach also involves less ongoing maintenance as there is no water orcleaning fluid to replace or refill. Also, the UV light system isreadily visible to the customer so the customer will see it and know itis working thereby addressing concerns about germs and the like.Additionally, this approach may be cheaper as there are not any fans,pumps, or the like involved.

A more complete understanding of the present invention, as well asfurther features and advantages of the invention, will be apparent fromthe following Detailed Description and the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a top view of a checkout system modified in accordance withthe present invention to employ an ultraviolet light apparatus inaccordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a further checkout system modified inaccordance with the present invention to employ an ultraviolet lightapparatus in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a further checkout system modified inaccordance with the present invention to employ an ultraviolet lightapparatus in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an ultraviolet light suitable for userin FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an ultraviolet light apparatus suitablefor use in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an ultraviolet light apparatus suitablefor use in FIG. 3; and

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a control system for integrating themonitoring of belt motion and selective germicidal irradiation thereofin accordance with the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring now to FIG. 1, system 10 is configured as a full-servicecheckout island and includes bagging portion 12, scanning portion 14,and receiving portion 16.

Bagging portion 12 includes customer service table 18, conveyor 26, cashdrawer 28, bagging shelf 30, and receipt printer 31.

Customer service table 18 provides a convenient writing surface andincludes card reader with pin keypad 20, customer receipt printer 22,and customer display 24.

Card reader 20 is operational in both full and self-serviceconfigurations.

Printer 22, though present in the full-service configuration, isintended primarily for operation as a receipt printer during theself-service mode of operation. Printer 31 is used for full-serviceoperation.

Customer display 24 operates as a customer information terminal duringfull-service operation and a customer-operated transaction terminalduring self-service operation. Customer display 24 is preferablyconnected to a store network. An NCR 7401 computer terminal is suitablefor use as customer display 24.

Conveyor 26 supports and transports merchandise items to bagging shelf30. Conveyor 26 preferably telescopes to allow a portion of baggingportion 12 to be lowered to become a bagging shelf in the self-servicemode of operation.

Cash drawer 28 is operated by a full-service checkout employee andallows the employee to process cash and check payments and dispensechange.

Scanning portion 14 includes terminal interface 32, dual-aperture barcode scanner 34, and terminal 33.

Terminal interface 32 provides an operator with control during afull-service checkout operation. Terminal interface 32 includes either adisplay and keypad or a touch screen and is mounted above the verticalaperture portion of dual-aperture bar code scanner 34. An NCR Dynakey®terminal is suitable for use as terminal interface 32 although it willbe recognized other terminals may also suitably be employed.

Dual-aperture bar code scanner 34 includes vertical aperture andhorizontal aperture. Horizontal aperture is substantially flush with thetop surface of scanning portion 14 and may be part of a scale weighplate if dual-aperture bar code scanner 34 is equipped with a scale. AnNCR 7875 scanner is suitable for use as scanner 34.

The vertical aperture and its associated scanner housing portion areabove the top surface of scanning portion 14. The vertical aperturefaces an operator during scanning. Thus, in the full-serviceconfiguration of FIG. 1, full-service checkout employee 54 can easilyscan merchandise items using scanning light beams from both vertical andhorizontal apertures.

Terminal 33 is located within scanning portion 14. Terminal 33 ispreferably connected to a store network. During full-service operation,terminal 33 controls card reader 20, cash drawer 28, receipt printer 31,terminal interface 32, and dual-aperture scanner 34.

Receiving portion 16 includes conveyor belt 38. An ultraviolet lightapparatus 40 in accordance with the present invention is attached tofront end of 39 system 10 prior to the beginning of conveyor belt 38.Further details of this ultraviolet light apparatus 40 are shown in FIG.3 and described below.

During full-service operation, customer 53 approaches receiving portion16 and places merchandise items on conveyor belt 38. As the conveyorbelt 38 moves it is irradiated with ultraviolet germicidal irradiationby ultraviolet light apparatus 40.

Employee 54 scans barcoded merchandise items using dual-aperture barcode scanner 34. Employee 54 may alternatively process bar codedmerchandise items by entering price look-up numbers into terminalinterface 32. Employee 54 also processes non-barcoded items, such asproduce items using the scale of dual-aperture bar code scanner 34 andterminal interface 32. Employee 54 moves all merchandise items tobagging portion 12.

Customer 53 moves to customer service table 18 to wait for all items tobe processed by employee 54 and to complete payment. While waiting,customer 53 may view promotional material displayed by display 24 or usecustomer display to find information about products, answer surveys, orselect coupons. Payment may be recorded by card reader 20.

Following payment, employee 54 hands a receipt from receipt printer 31to customer 53. Customer 53 then removes the items from bagging portion12.

Further details of the system 10 are found in U.S. Pat. No. 6,286,758which is assigned to the assignee of the present application andincorporated by reference herein in its entirety. In the system shownand described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,286,758, the scanner 34 can be rotatedto face the customer as further described therein for use in aself-checkout mode of operation. It will be appreciated that anultraviolet lighting arrangement in accordance with the presentinvention can be employed in a wide variety of checkout andself-checkout contexts.

As examples, FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate further checkout systems 110 and210, respectively, employing UV light apparatus 140 and 240,respectively, in accordance with the present invention. Checkout station110 may suitably include a feeder unit 114 and a checkstand 118. Feederunit 114 includes a feeder belt 120 and housing 122 for the motor andcontrol circuitry that operates feeder belt 120. Feeder unit 114 ismovably coupled to checkstand 118 so the feeder belt may be aligned withscanner/scale unit 126. Checkstand 118 includes scanner/scale unit 126,consumer terminal 134, a payment terminal 138 for entry of payment data,and receipt printer 144. Scanner/scale unit 126 uses a laser shining ona glass or other transparent platen to input data from bar codes appliedto products or packages. Unit 126 may also include a scale for measuringthe weight of articles that are sold on a price/unit of weight basis.Consumer terminal 134 displays article data as it is entered throughscanner/scale unit 126. Payment terminal 138 may be any known POSterminal that incorporates a card reader 132 to support credit card,debit card, and other payment methods. A receipt printer provides aconsumer with a receipt itemizing the articles purchased and the methodof payment. Further details of check stand 110 are found in U.S. Pat.No. 7,673,796 assigned to the assignee of the present invention andincorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

As seen in FIG. 2, the system 110 further includes a UV light apparatus140 described in further detail in connection with FIG. 5 below. The UVlight apparatus 140 shines ultraviolet germicidal irradiation on feederbelt 120.

FIG. 3 shows a self-checkout terminal 210 used in a supermarket setting.The terminal 210 includes a product weight scale 212 and a scanner 214associated with the scale. A bagging scale 220 is provided adjacent thescanner to support grocery bags into which the customer places eachnewly scanned item. The terminal 210 includes a basket scale 219configured to support a shopping basket 223 full of products. Each ofthe scales 212, 219 and 220 include at least one weight detector, suchas a pressure sensor or a load cell sensor, which is operable togenerate a signal in response to the weight of the item placed on thescale. A kiosk 224 includes a display 232, data input device 234 and apayment device 230. A computer or processor 226 is resident within theterminal and executes various software routines associated with theself-checkout process.

An ultraviolet light apparatus 240 clips onto a top edge 215 of scanner214 to illuminate the top surface bagging scale 220 with UV germicidalirradiation as discussed further below.

FIG. 4 shows a perspective cutaway view of an exemplary UV lightapparatus 40 attached to lead end 39 of the system 10 to illuminateconveyor belt 38 with UV germicidal irradiation as it cycles beneath. Asseen in FIG. 4, UV light apparatus 40 comprises two L-shaped clampingbrackets 42 and 44, a stiffening and tightening rod 46 having a keyedend 47 for adjustment, a reflective hood arrangement 48, and a UV bulbor source 49, such as a mercury lamp. To prevent incidental exposure tostore workers and customers, the height of light 40 will preferably beshallow and hood 48 will be angled to shield observer's eyes and todirect germicidal irradiation downward to the belt 38. In FIG. 4, theheight has been exaggerated for ease of illustration and the hood hasnot been extended and angled so that lamp 49 can be illustrated. It willbe recognized a taller unit can be utilized where the unit is to be usedsolely after hours or other times when customers and store workers arenot in the store.

To install the UV light apparatus 40, an operator utilizes a toolmatching the keyed end 47 to loosen the rod 46. In a simple embodiment,a Philips head screw driver may match a Philips keyed end 47. A threadedend of rod 46 fitting a threaded opening in L-shaped clamp 44 is turnedby turning the keyed end 47 thereby spreading clamps 42 and 44 apartslightly with each turn. If vandalism or meddling is a problem, aspecial tool and more complex matching key-shaped end 47 may be employedto complicate or eliminate such problems.

With clamps 42 and 44 slightly spread to facilitate installation, theclamps 42 and 44 are slipped down over the lead end 39 of a checkoutstation such as system 10. Then, the tightening rod 46 is tightened toclamp the UV light 40 in place. It will be noted that such anarrangement has the advantage of allowing a store to move a UV lightapparatus 40 to wherever in the store it is needed.

In one embodiment where a power outlet is readily available, a plug 50is employed to provide power for UV light apparatus 40, and an on andoff switch 52 may be utilized to turn the UV light apparatus 40 on andoff. Where power is not readily available, a rechargeable battery andcharging circuitry may be included in the body of hood arrangement 48.In this arrangement, plug 50 may be detachable and used where and whenpower is available or to recharge the UV light apparatus during periodsof non-use or when recharging is necessary.

FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of a UV light apparatus accordingto the present invention suitable for use as the UV light apparatus 140of FIG. 2. In this arrangement, at least part of the power for operationis derived from the belt 120. As seen in FIG. 5, a wheel 144 on a shaft146 is spring biased by a spring 147 against the belt 120. As belt 120moves, wheel 144 turns rotating shaft 146. A gear or other mechanism,such as gears 148 and 149 can be utilized to drive a generator (notshown) which is utilized to charge a battery to power the UV lightapparatus 140. To conserve power, a detector mechanism may be suitablyemployed to detect rotation of the shaft 146 or movement of belt 120 asdiscussed further below in connection with FIG. 7. Upon detection ofsuch movement, the UV light apparatus 140 is then turned on. Such anarrangement or a variation thereof allows the flexibility to operate forextended periods without external power as the power derived frommovement of the belt 120 supplements or recharges the battery of the UVlight apparatus 140.

Additionally in FIG. 5, a suction clamping or magnetic attachmentmechanism 143, if appropriate, in portion 142 attaches to top surface115 of lead end 117 of checkout system 110.

It will be noted that the enclosure of UV light apparatus 140 may bemade of lightweight aluminum with a reflective interior so that UVgermicidal irradiation from bulb 150 shown in dashed lines ifeffectively directed downwards to the belt as bulb 150 is substantiallycompletely enclosed by the reflective enclosure. This enclosure reducesthe chance of inadvertent harmful exposure to the UV germicidalirradiation.

FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of a UV light apparatus accordingto the present invention suitable for use as the UV light apparatus 240of FIG. 3. The UV light apparatus 240 has pairs of clips 242 and 244which clip onto top edge 215 of scanner scale 212. Hood 248 reflects UVgermicidal irradiation down from bulb or source 249 to the top surfaceof the scanner scale 212. To avoid exposure, the apparatus 240 would beclipped on prior to store closing, plugged in using plug 250, turned onusing switch 252, and an internal timer would then turn bulb 249 after apredetermined time. An infrared sensor 254 to detect body heat could beoptionally included to detect human presence by sensing body heat nearbyand a control system responsive thereto would turn off the apparatus240.

While the embodiments described up to now have been relatively simplefor reasons of cost effectiveness, ease of retrofitability, and thelike, it will be recognized that a wide variety of more complex controlarrangements may be employed where it is possible to wire controlcircuitry of a UV light apparatus, such as, UV light apparatus 140, forexample, into the belt motor control circuitry for controlling movementof a belt, such as belt 120.

In such a circumstance, it may be advantageous to use a programmedmicroprocessor control system 700, such as the one illustrated in FIG.7. In the control system 700, processor 710 receives a plurality ofinputs including the output of an optical detector 712 which detectsmotion of the belt 120, a stain detector 714 which optically scans thebelt 120 and produces an output indicating a stain has been detected, atiming circuit 716 and an infrared (IR) sensor 718 for sensing humanpresence within a predetermined distance of the apparatus 140. Whilethese exemplary inputs 712, 714, 716 and 718 are shown, it will berecognized that others may replace them or be added thereto.

Processor 710 is further illustrated as producing outputs which drive aUV germicidal irradiation source 722, such as lamp or bulb 150, andcontrol belt motor control circuitry 724. In one exemplary operation,after store hours, UV light apparatus 140 is to be employed to irradiatethe entire belt 120 for a predetermined time, such as ten minutes.Assuming the footprint of the base of apparatus 140 is one foot by thewidth of the belt, a first one foot portion of belt 120 is irradiatedfor ten minutes. The belt 120 is then advanced one foot and irradiatedand the process is continued until completed. In an alternativeapproach, the belt 120 may be advanced under stain detector 714. Asstains are detected, the belt 120 is stopped and irradiated so thatparticular attention is applied to questionable areas. A record ofstains recently treated could be stored in memory so that a controlprocessor determination could be made not to retreat the same spot overand over.

While the present invention has been disclosed in the context of variousaspects of presently preferred embodiments, it will be recognized thatthe invention may be suitably applied to other environments consistentwith the claims which follow.

1. A portable ultraviolet (UV) germicidal irradiation system comprising:an attachment mechanism for releasably mounting the portable germicidalirradiation system to a checkout surface to be irradiated; a source ofUV germicidal irradiation; and a housing to support and shield thesource.
 2. The portable UV germicidal irradiation system of claim 1wherein the checkout surface to be irradiated comprises a checkoutsystem conveyor belt and the attachment mechanism is adapted for readyattachment to and detachment from a front portion of the checkout systemproximate where the conveyor belt begins.
 3. The portable UV germicidalirradiation system of claim 2 wherein the housing completely surroundsthe source on three sides and is arranged to direct irradiationdownwardly wherein when the system is mounted proximate the checkoutsystem conveyor belt, the checkout system conveyor belt substantiallycompletes enclosure of the source on a fourth side.
 4. The portable UVgermicidal irradiation system of claim 2 further comprising: a conveyorbelt motion control detector; and a processor which controls the timingof turning on and off the source whereby the source is turned on whenconveyor belt motion is detected and the source is turned off whenconveyor belt motion is not detected.
 5. The portable UV germicidalirradiation system of claim 1 wherein the surface to be irradiated is asurface of a checkout station exposed to contact with grocery items andcustomers' hands.
 6. The portable UV germicidal irradiation system ofclaim 1 wherein the attachment mechanism comprises an adjustableclamping mechanism.
 7. The portable UV germicidal irradiation system ofclaim 1 wherein the housing further comprises a reflective hood forselectively directing the UV germicidal irradiation.
 8. The portable UVgermicidal irradiation system of claim 1 further comprising a mechanicalarrangement for deriving power utilized to power the source of UVgermicidal irradiation from movement of an item conveyor belt.
 9. Theportable UV germicidal irradiation system of claim 8 further comprisinga rechargeable battery charged by the mechanical arrangement.
 10. Theportable UV germicidal irradiation system of claim 1 further comprisinga sensor for sensing a person proximate said system and a processorwhich controls automatically switching the source of UV germicidalirradiation off when a person is detected proximate the system.
 11. Theportable UV germicidal irradiation system of claim 2 further comprisinga control processor to control the source of UV germicidal irradiationso that a section of the checkout system conveyor belt is exposedthereto for a predetermined time.
 12. The portable UV germicidalirradiation system of claim 11 wherein the control processor canselectively control movement of the checkout system conveyor belt.